Sun, Chuanzhe ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4405-6391, Zhong, Jicheng, Pan, Gang ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0920-3018, Mortimer, Robert ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1292-8861, Yu, Juhua, Wen, Shuailong, Zhang, Lei, Yin, Hongbin ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7290-2500 and Fan, Chengxin (2023) Controlling internal nitrogen and phosphorus loading using Ca-poor soil capping in shallow eutrophic lakes: Long-term effects and mechanisms. Water Research, 233. p. 119797.

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Abstract

Clean soil is a potential capping material for controlling internal nutrient loading and helping the recovery of macrophytes in eutrophic lakes, but the long-term effects and underlying mechanisms of clean soil capping under in-situ conditions remain poorly understood. In this study, a three-year field capping enclosure experiment combining intact sediment core incubation, in-situ porewater sampling, isotherm adsorption experiments and analysis of sediment nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) fractions was conducted to assess the long-term performance of clean soil capping on internal loading in Lake Taihu. Our results indicate that clean soil has excellent P adsorption and retention capacity as an ecologically safe capping material and can effectively mitigate NH4+-N and SRP (soluble reactive P) fluxes at the sediment-water interface (SWI) and porewater SRP concentration for one year after capping. The mean NH4+-N and SRP fluxes of capping sediment were 34.86 mg m−2 h−1 and -1.58 mg m−2 h−1, compared 82.99 mg m−2 h−1 and 6.29 mg m−2 h−1 for control sediment. Clean soil controls internal NH4+-N release through cation (mainly Al3+) exchange mechanisms, while for SRP, clean soil can not only react with SRP due to its high Al and Fe content, but also stimulate the migration of active Ca2+ to the capping layer, thus precipitating as Ca-bound P (Ca-P). Clean soil capping also contributed to the restoration of macrophytes during the growing season. However, the effect of controlling internal nutrient loading only lasted for one year under in-situ conditions, after which the sediment properties returned to pre-capping conditions. Our results highlight that clean Ca-poor soil is a promising capping material and further research is needed to extend the longevity of this geoengineering technology.

Item Type:	Article
Status:	Published
DOI:	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2023.119797
School/Department:	Vice Chancellor's Office
URI:	https://ray.yorksj.ac.uk/id/eprint/7545

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